Friday 25 October 2013

Niger Delta, rape capital of Nigeria – Survey

One in ten women surveyed in Niger Delta was either raped or survived a rape attempt last year in the Niger Delta.
More women were raped in the Niger Delta region of Nigeria than any other part of the country last year, a recent crime survey published by CLEEN Foundation has said.
The survey, National Crime Victimization and Safety survey, said that one in every 10 women were either raped or victims of attempted rape in the region last year.
The Niger Delta region is Nigeria’s crude oil production hub and is recovering from militancy that plagued the region in the years leading up to 2010 when the government declared amnesty for armed youths in the region.
The incidence of rape in the region was higher than the national average by 100 per cent. The survey showed that the national average of victims was five per cent – one in every 20 women surveyed.
The survey also shows that the national incidence of rape almost doubled from three per cent in 2011 to five per cent in 2013.
“The incidence of rape has been on the increase from 3 per cent in 2011 to 5 percent 2013 within its geopolitical zones,’’ the report said
With 10 per cent incident of rape or attempted rape, the South South region could be described as the rape capital of Nigeria followed by the North East – 6 per cent. The South West region and North West region had rape incidence rate of one in every 25 women – four percent each.
The North Central followed with three per cent – one in every 33 women polled. The South East had the lowest incidence rate of one in every 100 women.
Most of the victims – 36 per cent – told CLEEN Foundation they were raped near their homes. Another 19 per cent said they were attacked “at their homes” while 13 per cent said they were attacked in schools or workplace.

‘‘Respondent was further asked how widespread the incidence of rape was. 10 per cent believed it was very widespread, 33 per cent said it happened occasionally, 48 per cent believe it was non existence while nine per cent said they do not know ,’’ the report said.

Under Reported
Women rights campaigners believe that the rising incident of rape is buoyed by increased reporting of cases but that the true rate of rape is far higher than the survey reports.

“Whatever is reported is half the actual occurrence,” Dorothy Njemanze, a Nollywood star who took up fighting the cause of victimized women after she was harassed by environmental officials in Abuja, said.

She argued that the incidence could have been buoyed by a mix of Nigeria’s value system, judicial system and beliefs.

“If offenders are not punished, it will embolden more offenders,” she said.
Last year, a video of four men, believed to be students of Abia State University, raping a young woman went viral online, but the police could not take it any further. The victim also refused to own up.

Ms. Njemanze believes that the judicial system in Nigeria is skewed to favour offenders and lack the ability to serve justice to victims and discourage offenders.

A Lagos based feminist, Ogechi Ekeanyanwu, advocated for a fast trial for rapists as a deterrent. She said rapists must be punished and the insistence of evidence of rape by law enforcers should be dropped.

“If a rape victim reports, she must be treated with dignity…. the situation were rape victims are blamed for whatever reason must be stopped and rapists must be punished expediently”.

“Stricter laws should be put in place to discourage rape in Nigeria,” Ms. Ekeanyanwu said.
She argued that the misogyny, the patriarchal system, and the objectification of women have contributed to the rise in rape incidents in Nigeria.

“When women are seen as Objects to be subdued, an extreme result is the spate of rape such as we see now.”

Source: premiumtimes

Wednesday 23 October 2013

“Cleening” the police

The report of a recent survey conducted by the CLEEN Foundation has again highlighted the tragedy of the Nigerian state and our so-called war against corruption.

Respondents in the survey indicted several law enforcement agencies including the Police and the anti-graft agency, Economic and Financial Crimes Commission, as the most corrupt institutions in Nigeria.

According to the report, our police force topped the list of public institutions where bribery is perceived to be rampant at 33% while the Nigerian Immigration Service followed at 26%, ICPC – 25%, Nigerian Customs Service – 24%, Power Holding Company of Nigeria (PHCN) – 23%, EFCC – 23%, Federal Roads Safety Commission – 20%, and Nigeria Security and Civil Defence Corps – 19%.
As shocking as the figures would seem to the uninitiated, especially in the case of the police, the report only re-affirms what many Nigerians already know to be true.

This is not the first report to indict the police this year or even in the past. As far back as 2003, the Nigeria Survey and Corruption Survey Study of the Institute for Development Research, Ahmadu Bello University, Zaria, ranked the police as the most corrupt public institution in Nigeria.
Ten years after that damning report of the Institute for Development Research, the police force still remains top on the list of corrupt institutions as the CLEEN Foundation report has shown.
The 2013 Global Corruption Barometer (GCB) report of the Transparency International (TI) corroborates the CLEEN Foundation report. The Transparency International report ranks our police as the most corrupt public institution rating it 4.7 per cent of its score of five per cent which represents “extremely corrupt”.

What is interesting about the CLEEN Foundation survey is the wide scope or respondents interviewed.

In the CLEEN Foundation survey, an impressive number of 11,518 random respondents were interviewed across the nation’s 36 states and the Federal Capital Territory. This is opposed to the Transparency International survey which sampled only 1,002 respondents.

The wide reach of the CLEEN Foundation survey and the overwhelming indictment of the police across the nation are indications that public outcry against the police is real and widespread. It is not the sheer imagination of any particular interests as some people in authority would argue.
One wonders when the government will wake up to the reality that its so-called fight against corruption is meaningless where there is widespread bribery and corruption within law enforcement agencies.

If in over 10 years, the police force has failed to come down from its unenviable place on the corrupt institutions ranking, there is little that can convince anyone that its leadership is even trying to deal with the problem.

It would be interesting to have a contrary view from the police leadership especially if such a position is backed by hard evidence of punishment against officers on a scale equivalent or close to the scale of alleged corruption in the force.

We believe that the war against corruption is important and should be taken seriously. Government must purge its law enforcement agencies of corruption if it is to be taken seriously.
The last thing Nigeria needs is a law enforcement system in which small thieves chase after big thieves.

telegraphng

Police rank top in bribery and corruption survey

Anti-corruption and law enforcement agencies have ironically been named as the most corrupt agencies in Nigeria.
PoliceAccording to CLEEN Foundation, these agencies are the Nigeria Police Force, the Economic and Financial Crimes Commission (EFCC) and the Independent Corrupt Practices Commission (ICPC), with the police ranking  top in corruption among the agencies.
This finding was contained in a  2013 National Crime Victimisation and Safety survey conducted by the CLEEN Foundation in collaboration with the Macarthur Foundation.

Ms. Kemi Okonedo, the  executive director, CLEEN Foundation, while presenting the result of the survey, said that the findings are not meant to witch-hunt any organisation but is aimed at tracking and reducing crime rate in the country.

She said the survey was conducted with 11,518 respondents drawn from all the states of the country. “The findings of the survey showed that bribery and corruption among government officials in Nigeria remain high. Nearly one out of every four respondents admitted having paid a bribe or having been asked to pay bribes by government officials before services could be rendered to them.

“The 2013 survey also showed that bribery and corruption among public officials such as police, customs officers, court personnel, tax officials, anti-corruption agencies and PHCN employees were higher in Rivers, Borno, Cross River, Niger, Gombe, Ebonyi, Ekiti, Anambra and Kwara states. The lowest incidences were recorded in Katsina, Ogun and Akwa Ibom states.”  She also shed light on the experience of victims of rape, domestic violence, robbery kidnap and murder among others.
Federal government agencies with their officers’ propensity  to collect bribes include:  police – 33%, immigration – 26%, ICPC – 25%, customs -24%, PHCN – 23%, EFCC- 23%, FRSC- 20% and Nigeria Security and Civil Defence officials (NSCDC) – 19% Tax/revenue officials – 18%, municipal/ local government councillors  -18%, State Security Service (SSS) – 18%, National Assembly members – 17%, local government officials – 16%, lower court officials – 15%, higher courts officials – 14%, and lecturers and professors of tertiary institutions make up 10%

Another 10% include post office officials, gas/petrol attendants, prison warden/ officers, primary and secondary school teachers and doctors and nurses.
Attempts to reach the Force PRO, Mr. Frank Mba, were unsuccessful as he is said to currently be out of the country.

telegraphng

Tuesday 22 October 2013

Police, EFCC, Immigration Service, ICPC Top Corruption Ranking

The Police, Economic and Financial Crimes Commission (EFCC) and the Independent Corrupt Practices and Other Related Offences Commission (ICPC) have been listed as the most corrupt of federal government agencies in the country.

They topped the list of the ranking in a 2013 National Crime Victimisation and Safety survey conducted by the CLEEN Foundation in collaboration with the Macarthur Foundation, a copy of which was given to journalists at a media briefing Monday in Abuja.
The report also identified a weak and corrupt judiciary as some of the constraints militating against the fight against corruption.

According to the report, some of the states leading in the corruption index include Rivers, Borno, Cross River, Niger, Gombe, Ebonyi, Ekiti, Anambra and Kwara, while the lowest incidences of corruption were recorded in Katsina, Ogun and Akwa Ibom States.

In her opening remarks during the public presentation of the survey findings, Executive Director, CLEEN Foundation, Mrs. Kemi Okenyodo, said the survey was aimed at tracking patterns of crime in the country and finding solutions to them.

According to Okenyodo, the survey, which was conducted with 11,518 respondents drawn from all the states of the country, shed light on the experience of victims of rape, domestic violence, robbery, kidnap and murder, among others.

Some of the federal government agencies listed and their rate of propensity to bribery include the police - 33%, Nigerian Immigration Service - 26%, ICPC - 25%, Nigerian Customs Service - 24%, Power Holding Company of Nigeria (PHCN) - 23%, EFCC - 23%, Federal Roads Safety Commission - 20%, and Nigeria Security and Civil Defence Corps - 19%.

Others are tax/revenue officials - 18%, municipal/local government councillors - 18%, State Security Service  (SSS) - 18%, National Assembly members - 17%, local government officials - 16%, lower court officials - 15%, higher courts officials - 14%, and lecturers and professors of tertiary institutions - 10%.

Organisations, officials and agencies that scored below 10% on the index include post office, gas/petrol attendants, prison warden/officers, primary and secondary school teachers, and doctors and nurses.

Part of the survey presentation read: “The findings of the survey showed that bribery and corruption among government officials in Nigeria remains high. Nearly one out of every four respondents admitted having paid a bribe or having been asked to pay bribes by government officials before services could be rendered to them.

“The 2013 survey also showed that bribery and corruption among public officials such as the police, customs officers, court personnel, tax officials, anti-corruption agencies and PHCN employees were higher in Rivers, Borno, Cross River, Niger, Gombe, Ebonyi, Ekiti, Anambra and Kwara States.
“The lowest incidences were recorded in Katsina, Ogun and Akwa Ibom States.”

Police, ICPC, EFCC Lead In Corruption Index – Report



The Nigeria Police and the country’s two major anti-corruption agencies, the Economic and Financial Crimes Commission (EFCC) and the Independent Corrupt Practices Commission (ICPC) have come tops among the federal government agencies presently enmeshed in bribery and corruption.

This was the findings of a 2013 National Crime Victimisation and Safety survey conducted by the CLEEN Foundation in collaboration with the Macarthur Foundation. The report also describes a weak and corrupt judiciary as one of the constraints to the fight against corruption.

According to the reports, some of the states leading in the corruption index include Rivers, Borno, Cross River, Niger, Gombe, Ebonyi, Ekiti, Anambra and Kwara while the lowest incidences were recorded in Katsina, Ogun and Akwa-Ibom states.

In her opening remarks during the public presentation of the survey’s findings yesterday, CLEEN executive director, Ms Kemi Okonedo, said the survey was aimed to track patterns of crime in the country and find solutions to them.

According to her, the survey, which was conducted with 11,518 respondents drawn from all the states of the country, shed light on the experience of victims of rape, domestic violence, robbery kidnap and murder among others.

Some of the federal government agencies listed and their rate of propensity of their officers to collect bribes are: police - 33%, immigration - 26%, ICPC - 25%, customs -24%, PHCN - 23%, EFCC- 23%, FRSC- 20% and Nigeria Security and Civil Defence officials (NSCDC) - 19%

Others are tax/revenue officials - 18%, municipal/ local government councillors  -18%, State Security Service (SSS) - 18%, National Assembly members - 17%, local government officials - 16%, lower court officials - 15%, higher courts officials - 14%, and lecturers and professors of tertiary institutions -10%

Agencies below 10% include post office officials, gas/petrol attendants, prison warden/ officers, primary and secondary school teachers and doctors and nurses.

Part of the survey presentation read: “The findings of the survey showed that bribery and corruption among government officials in Nigeria remain high. Nearly one out of every four respondents admitted having paid a bribe or having been asked to pay bribes by government officials before services could be rendered to them.

“The 2013 survey also showed that bribery and corruption among public officials such as police, customs officers, court personnel, tax officials, anti-corruption agencies and PHCN employees were higher in Rivers, Borno, Cross River, Niger, Gombe, Ebonyi, Ekiti, Anambra and Kwara states. The lowest incidences were recorded in Katsina, Ogun and Akwa Ibom states.”

Source: Leadership

Enugu, crime capital of Nigeria – Survey

Where would you likely be a victim of crime in Nigeria? See the safest and most dangerous states in Nigeria.

Enugu State, in the south east, is the official crime capital of Nigeria, a crime perception survey released on Monday in Abuja has said.

At least 70 per cent of respondents to the survey in Enugu admitted they were victims of crime in the past year, the 2013 National Crime Victimization and Safety Survey conducted by CLEEN Foundation showed.

The national average was 25 per cent – one in every four Nigerian. The survey showed a progressive decrease in the number of victims of crime in Nigeria.

“There has been a six per cent decrease in actual experience of crime from the 31 per cent recorded in 2012 to the current 25 percent,” the report said.

The report surveyed for crimes like robbery, kidnapping, physical assault, phone and car theft, rape and attempted rape, domestic violence, attempted murder and other crimes.

The Crime Victimization Survey used data collected across Nigeria between June and July 2013.
Closely following Enugu State is its neighbour, Ebonyi, where at least 65 per cent – at least three in every five residents – were victims of crime.

Ekiti state, in southwest Nigeria, shares the same crime records with Ebonyi State. More than three in every five respondents admitted they were victims of crime last year.

Ogun State, a neighbour to Lagos is the safest state in Nigeria with only about one in every 20 citizens admitting they were victims of crimes last year.

Katsina State in Northwest Nigeria is the next safest. Only about one in every 10 residents was a victim of crime last year.

Lagos State recorded 18 percent.

Borno and Yobe, despite being the hotbed for Boko Haram attacks recorded seemingly low crime rates, according to the report. Only about one in every four resident admitted being victims of crime last year. Boko Haram militants have murdered over 1,500 people in the states since launching a vicious attack against government establishments, security agencies, religious places and the residents.

At a geopolitical level, the South East recorded the highest number of crimes with 44 per cent of respondents complaining they were victims. The North West recorded the lowest score of 18 per cent crime rate.

On a gender scale, more men than women fell victims of crimes in Nigeria last year.
“Further (segregation) by gender indicates that more men (27%) had actual experience than women (23%),” the report said.

Irony of feeling
Although Ogun State recorded the lowest actual experience of crime, almost everyone in the state fear they would become victims of crime.

The findings of the 2013 survey indicated that 94 per cent of Ogun residents fear they are likely victims of crime. In actual sense, only one in 20 was a victim of crime.
On a national scale, more than 7 out of 10 Nigerians had the fear of becoming victims of crime last year.

The people who feel safest are those in Benue and Taraba States. Only 38 per cent of residents in those state had fears of becoming victims of crime. One in four residents of Benue state were victims of crime last year, and not more than one in every six in Taraba.

“Analysing by gender, 73 percent of females feared becoming victims of crime compared to 71 percent of males,” the report said.

“Overall, these findings are meant to assist the government, police and the entire criminal justice administration system to better understand emerging trends in crime and safety in Nigeria and consequently, to refine and deploy improved strategies to resolve the country’s current challenges of security and safety,” the authors, CLEEN Foundation, said.

The survey was conducted with support from the Macarthur Foundation.
[Download the full report here]

Source: Premiumtimes

Monday 21 October 2013

Public Presentation of Findings of the National Crime Victimization and Safety Survey, 2013 by CLEEN Foundation





Introduction
CLEEN Foundation, with the support from the Macarthur Foundation, has been conducting Crime Victimization Surveys in Nigeria since 2005.  Victimization surveys have emerged as extremely efficient method of gaining insight into the trends of crime and safety in a society.  In Nigeria, the primary aim of the Crime Victimization Survey is first and foremost to understand the trends and changes in crime in Nigeria.  It also enables us to guage the perceptions of Nigerians on three basic questions:
a)      How safe do they feel in their community?
b)     What is their actual experience of crime?; and
c)      What is their perception of crime prevention efforts in their community?

Understanding that safety in a community exceeds the mere absence of crime, our survey methodology was designed to cover the individual, the public and the social architecture for safety and crime prevention.  For this reason, we cover topics such as road traffic safety, perceptions on corruption, and criminal justice administration.

This presentation highlights key findings of the 2013 Crime Victimization Survey using data collected from fieldwork conducted in June and July 2013.  Overall, these findings are meant to assist the government, police and the entire criminal justice administration system to better understand emerging trends in crime and safety in Nigeria and consequently, to refine and deploy improved strategies to resolve the country’s current challenges of security and safety.  It will also be found that in many instances, we provide a trend analysis of the findings over the last 3 years.  We also break down the findings across states and geopolitical zones, and also highlight the national averages.

Section One: Population, Sampling and Method

This study employed survey research methodology and is designed to ensure that its findings adequately reflect the perceptions of Nigerians.  The population sample consisted of 11,518 Nigerians equally distributed among male and female adults aged 18 years and above from all the 36 States in the country and the Federal Capital Territory.  The data collection method employed was the household survey involving face-to-face personal interviews.  Respondents were selected through a stratified multi-stage random sampling procedure in order to achieve a representative sample.  Respondents must have lived in the selected household for a period of not less than six months.

The fieldwork for the survey was conducted by Practical Sampling International (PSI), a reputed research company with a wide experience in quantitative research in the country.  CLEEN Foundation employed monitors to observe the conduct of the field work as an initial quality control measure.  The data processing was done in collaboration with DC Pro-Data Consult Limited with supervision by the CLEEN Foundation research team.  Data entry, cleaning and analysis was done using Statistical Package for Social Sciences (SPSS).

Section Two: Survey Findings
The general findings of the 2013 Crime Victimization and Safety Survey in the areas of fear of crime, safety, victimization pattern and trend, corruption trend, road safety, and performance of the entire criminal justice system are presented below.  A comparative analysis of results of previous surveys is also made to determine the dynamics in crime over time.

1. Fear of Crime
Fear of crime refers to the fear of becoming a victim of crime.  The findings of the 2013 survey indicated that more than 7 out of 10 Nigerians 72% had the fear of becoming victims of crime.  Across States, Ogun and Ondo State recorded the highest with 94%, while Benue and Taraba State recorded the lowest with 38%.  The national average stood at 72%.  Analysing by gender, 73% of females feared becoming victims of crime compared to 71% of males.


Graph 1: Fear of Crime

2. Actual Experience of Crime

A distinction must be made between the perception, and the actual experience, of  crime.  In the dataset, as much as a quarter of respondents, that is 25%, said that they had been victims of crime during the past year.  The findings showed a progressive decrease in the number of victims of crime in Nigeria.  There has been a 6% decrease in actual experience of crime from the 31% recorded in 2012 to the current 25%.  The survey also indicated that the number of victims of crime was highest in Enugu State with 70%, followed by Ekiti and Ebonyi State (both 65%).  The national average was 25%.  Katsina State had 9%, while Ogun had the lowest score of 5%.  Analysing experience of crime by regions in Nigeria, the South East recorded highest with 44% while the North West recorded lowest score of 18%.  Lagos State also recorded 18%.  Further desegregation by gender indicates that more men (27%) had actual experience than women (23%).


Graph 2: Actual Experience of Crime

3. Trends Analysis of Criminal Victimization in Nigeria

i.          Robbery
Experience of robbery has increased from 17% in 2012 to 18% in 2013.  When disaggregated by States, the results of the 2013 survey showed that Kaduna State recorded the highest of 43%, followed by Akwa-Ibom State (42%) and Cross River State (39%), while Jigawa (5%) and Kano (3%) were among the states with the lowest incidence of robbery.  The survey also revealed that security in the home remains a key challenge, as 37% of robberies occurred in the homes of respondents; another 26% occurred near the home, while 9% took place in the workplace or school.  



Graph 3: Robbery by State

ii.         Rape and Attempted Rape
5% of respondents stated that they had been raped or been victims of attempted rape.  The analysis according to geopolitical zones shows that the South South has the highest incidence with 10%, followed by the North East (6%).  The South West and North West recorded 4% each.  The North Central recorded 3% and South East had the lowest score of 1%.  The incidence of rape has been on the increase from 3% in 2011 to 5% in 2013.  When victims were asked where the rape occurred, 36% said it happened near their own homes; 19% said it occurred at their homes and 13% said it occurred in the school or work place.  Again the challenge of security and safety in the homes is explicitly exhibited in rape case.  Respondents were further asked how widespread the incidence of rape was: 10% believed it was very widespread, 33% said it happened occasionally, 48% believed it was non-existent while 9% said they do not know.


Graph 4: Rape / Attempted Rape

iii.        Kidnapping and Attempted Kidnapping
A total of 3% of the respondents interviewed nationwide said that they had been victims of kidnapping or attempted kidnapping.  The South West had the highest incidence of kidnapping with 5%, followed by the South East and South South with 4% each.  The North West and North East each had an incidence of 3%, with the lowest being North Central at 2%.


Graph 5: Kidnapping / Attempted Kidnapping

iv.        Physical Assault
33% of respondents said they had been victim of physical assault in the 2013 survey. Some states, Enugu (84%), Ebonyi (77%), Rivers (58%), and Anambra (50%) recorded a high incidence of physical assault compared to other states such as Ogun (38%), Taraba (36%), Lagos (35%) and Kogi (34%).  The FCT recorded an increase from 15% in 2012 to 24% in 2013.  Some states such as Kano recorded a decrease from 14% in 2012 to 3% in 2013.  In Niger State, physical assault fell from 68% in 2012 to 6% in 2013; and in Jigawa State, it fell from 23% in 2012 to 8% in 2013.


Graph 6: Physical Assault by State

v.         Domestic Violence
Nearly one in every three respondents (30%) admitted having been a victim of domestic violence.  Over the last 3 years, there has been an increase in domestic violence.  There was a progressive increment from 21% in 2011 to 31% in 2012 with a 1% decrease in the 2013 survey to 30%.  The findings of the 2013 survey revealed that domestic violence ranks amongst the top four most common victimizations in Nigeria.  Prevalence is highest in the South East with 43% followed by the South West and the North East with 35% each.  The South-South recorded a 26% incidence while the North Central and North West recorded the lowest with 19% each.

vi.        Attempted Murder
5% of respondents stated that they were victims of attempted murder.  This indicated an increase from the 3% recorded in 2012.  The highest was in the North East (8%), followed by the South South and North West with 7% each, the South West (6%), North Central (3%) and South East (2%) had the lowest incidence in this analysis.


Graph 7 (i): Attempted Murder

Further analysis of the 5% who responded that they were victims of attempted murder in 2013, showed that 35% of them said that the incidents occurred at their own homes.



Graph 7 (ii) Location of Attempted Murder

vii.       Theft of Mobile Phone
Over all, nearly one in every two respondents, that is 45%, reported being a victim of theft of mobile phone.  Theft of mobile phones remains the number one crime committed in Nigeria.  At the State level, Taraba ranks highest at 64%, followed by Kwara, Abia, Lagos, at 59%, 57%, 55% respectively, while Kaduna, Ekiti, Nasarawa and Plateau all had scores of 54% each.  Lowest ranking were Ogun and Yobe with 23% and 22% respectively.

Graph 8:  Theft of Mobile Phones

viii.      Car Theft
The Survey revealed that 4% of respondents have had their cars stolen in the past one year.  The highest incidence of car theft occurred in the North West (6%), followed by the South South (5%).  The North East and South West recorded 4% and 3% respectively, while the South East and North Central recorded 2% and 1% respectively.  35% of cars were stolen in victims’ homes, 34% near victims’ homes, 19% elsewhere and 12% at their work place or school.


Graph 9(i) Car Theft


Graph 9(ii) Location where Car Theft Occurs

xi.        Armed Violence other than Robbery
Armed violence entails the use of weapons and physical force to inflict, or attempt to inflict injuries on another.  The results of the survey indicated that 4% of respondents were victims of armed violence.  The highest incidence was in the North East with 11%, followed by the South South with 9%.  For the other regions, the North Central and North West recorded 3% while the South West and South East recorded 1%.


Graph 10(i) Armed Violence by Region

The survey further indicated that 42% of armed violence occurred near the home, 14% at home and 7% at work or school. 5% males have been victims of armed violence and 4% females have been victims of this type of crime in Nigeria.


Graph 10(ii) Armed Violence by location

4. Service Delivery of Agencies

i.          Reporting of Crime to the Police                    
The findings of the survey revealed that most crimes – 82% – are unreported.  Only 2 in 10 (18%) of respondents who suffered crimes reported to the police.  Further analysis by States shows that the lowest percentage of reports were made in Yobe (6%), Osun and Zamfara (7% each), Ebonyi (8%), Kaduna (8%), and Anambra (10%).  The highest percentage of reports were made in Edo (45%), Niger (41%), Kogi (34%), Ogun and Kebbi (29%) respectively.



Graph 11: Reporting to Police by State

ii.         Satisfaction with Police Handling of Cases
Of those who made reports to the police, when asked about their satisfaction with the way the police had handled their cases, less than half of them (46%) were satisfied while 39% were not satisfied, with 15% undecided.  The 46% threshold of victims’ satisfaction however is a decrease from the 48% recorded in 2012.  Key reasons given for dissatisfaction by complainants include police ineffectiveness (76%), inadequate feedback (9%), bribery and corruption (9%), and police insensitivity (5%).


Graph 12: Satisfaction Rating of Police Handling of Complaints




iii.        Support for the Removal of Police Check Point
When asked to assess the Inspector General of Police's directives on the removal of police check points on the roads, 45% of respondents supported the removal of police check points on roads while 43% said they opposed it.  12% said they neither supported nor opposed it.


Graph 13: Support for the removal of road blocks by Nigerians

iv:        Quality of Policing in Nigeria:
59% of the respondents, which is nearly 6 out of 10 Nigerians, were of the opinion that the police is doing a good job, while 32% believe the police is doing a poor job.  19% were undecided.  There has been an improvement in the quality of policing in the country with positive ratings rising from 50% in 2012 to the current 59%.


Graph 14: Quality of Policing in Nigeria

v.         Satisfaction with Police Performance in Controlling Terrorism or Bombings
Just a little less than half of respondents (49%) interviewed said they were satisfied with the performance of the police in controlling terrorism or bomb attacks in the country.  32% said they were dissatisfied while 17% said they were neither satisfied nor dissatisfied and 2% said they do not know.


Graph 15: Satisfaction with Police Handling of Terrorism/Bomb Attacks

52% of respondents said they were satisfied with the way the Federal Government is handling the issue of terrorism or bomb attacks; 30% were dissatisfied, 16% said they were neither satisfied nor dissatisfied and 2% said they do not know.


Graph 16 (i): Federal Government Handling of Terrorism and Bombing Attacks


v.         Solving the Problem of Terrorism
A majority of the respondents (52%) suggested that the Federal Government should strengthen the capacity of the security agencies or use force to solve the problem caused by insurgents, 31% were of the view that dialogue will solve the problem of terrorism in the country, while 20% believed that the combined use of force and dialogue will solve the problem, and 10% suggested that appeasement with money will solve the problem.


Graph 16 (ii) Suggested Solutions to the FG on Handling of Problems of Terrorism

4: Others
i.          Demands for Bribes by Government Officials.
The findings of the survey indicated that levels of bribery and corruption among government officials in Nigeria remain high.  Nearly 1 out of every 4 respondents (24%) admitted having paid a bribe or having been asked to pay bribes by government officials before services could be rendered to them.  This is the same as the 24% result for 2012.
The 2013 survey also showed that bribery and corruption among public officials such as police, customs officers, court personnel, tax officials, anti-corruption agencies and PHCN employees were higher in Rivers with 48%, Borno (47%), Cross-River and Niger (both 44%), Gombe (40%), Ebonyi (39%), Ekiti and Anambra (both 37%) and Kwara, with 36%.  These states have incidences far above the national average of 24%. The lowest incidences were recorded in Katsina (7%) Ogun (6%) and Akwa-Ibom (5%) States.



Graph 17: Demands for Bribes by Government Officials by State

Among the public officials who demanded for bribes, the Police (33%), Immigration (26%), Independent Corrupt Practices Commission (25%), Custom (24%), and NEPA/PHCN officials (23%) were the highest.


Graph 17(i) Propensity of Government Agencies to bribery

ii. Constraints against Anti Corruption Agencies
The respondents also identified some major constraints militating against the effectiveness of anti-corruption agencies in Nigeria.  These include Government insincerity (37%), lack of funds and facilities (32%), corruption of the EFCC and ICPC officials (20%), and weak and corrupt judiciary (11%).


Graph 18: Reasons for the ineffectiveness of anti-corruption measures

iii.        Ownership of Firearms or guns
At the national level, 2% of respondents admitted owning firearms or guns, with the highest levels in the South East and North East (both 3%).  This represented a decrease from the 5% recorded at the national level in the 2012 survey.  Half (50%) the people who owned guns use them for personal protection.


Graph 19: Ownership of Guns across geopolitical zones

For more information about the National Crime and Safety Victimization Survey in Nigeria please visit www.cleen.org or send an email to cleen@cleen.org.


* Presented by 'Kemi Okenyodo, Executive Director CLEEN Foundation, a non-governmental organisation which aims to promote public safety, security and accessible justice in Nigeria and West Africa.

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